Background of the Study:
Foreign policy formulation in emerging economies involves a complex interplay between domestic political dynamics and external influences. In Nigeria, particularly in Oyo State, the process of shaping foreign policy reflects the country’s rapid economic changes and evolving geopolitical aspirations. Policymakers in emerging economies often balance national development objectives with the need to engage in international diplomacy, forging partnerships that foster economic growth and technological advancement (Ogunleye, 2023). This study investigates how foreign policy is formulated in Oyo State, emphasizing the role of local government, public opinion, and elite decision-making. The research explores how regional priorities and national interests converge to shape policies that address both bilateral and multilateral challenges. It draws on theories of political economy and diplomatic strategy, examining case studies of recent policy initiatives and international engagements. The study further considers how domestic factors such as political stability, institutional capacity, and economic imperatives influence the formulation of Nigeria’s foreign policy (Ibrahim, 2024). This integrated approach provides a nuanced understanding of the mechanisms that drive foreign policy decisions in emerging economies, highlighting the interplay between internal dynamics and external pressures.
Statement of the problem:
Despite Nigeria’s growing international profile, foreign policy formulation in emerging economies like Oyo State faces challenges such as limited institutional capacity and conflicting domestic interests. These factors often result in inconsistent policies that struggle to address complex international realities (Adebola, 2023). The study aims to address the gap by critically analyzing the processes and determinants that influence foreign policy decisions in Oyo State, while highlighting areas where reforms are needed to better align national interests with global dynamics.
Objectives of the Study:
To examine the process of foreign policy formulation in Oyo State.
To identify key factors that influence policy decisions in emerging economies.
To recommend strategies for improving foreign policy coherence.
Research questions:
How is foreign policy formulated in Oyo State?
What internal and external factors influence these policy decisions?
How can foreign policy formulation be improved in emerging economies?
Significance of the Study:
This study is significant as it sheds light on the dynamics of foreign policy in emerging economies, providing valuable insights for policymakers. The findings will help refine strategic approaches that better align domestic priorities with international engagement, fostering sustainable growth and global competitiveness (Chukwuma, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
Limited to the topic only.
Definitions of terms
Foreign Policy Formulation: The process by which a government develops strategies for interacting with other nations.
Emerging Economies: Nations with rapidly growing industrial bases and improving standards of living.
Policy Coherence: Consistency and integration across various policy domains.
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